Background: FSWI uses the technology of extracorporeal shockwave which was introduced in 1980, when high-energy extracorporeal shockwaves served as a means of treating kidney stones. Gradually, the principle of regenerative effects was discovered and shockwave therapy was introduced in the field of orthopedics. Since then, ESWT has become the preferred choice in the treatment of many orthopedic disorders including plantar fasciitis of the heel, epicondylitis of the elbow, or tendinitis of the shoulder. This therapy has also proven to be useful in the treatment of nonunion of long bone fractures. Prospective studies using ESWT on patellar and Achilles' tendinopathies indicate good results as well. Rare studies done by Asian authors also show positive results in the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head.
Introduce:A shockwave is defined as an acoustic wave that produces a short (microsecond duration) three-dimensional pressure pulse. There are two modalities for shockwave therapy: focused(convergence) and radial (divergence). In FSWT,the source of energy is either electrohydraulic,electromagnetic, or piezoelectric and shockwaves are concentrated into small focal areas at selected depths in the body tissues to ensure the optimal therapeutic effect. On the other hand, in Radial Shock Wave Therapy (RSWT), the focal point is not centered on the target zone, as in the case of FSWT. Instead, shockwave is generated through the acceleration of a projectile inside the handpiece of the treatment device and thus the focal point is on the tip of the applicator. The pressure wave then penetrates the body radially and can not be focused in the deeper layers, the area of treatment is more superficial.
Therapeutic effects are considered to be dependent on the energy delivered to a focal area(the energy flux density), the focal zone size, and on tissue penetration. Although the subject is still under study, it is known that ESWT stimulates the local biological response and is able to relieve pain, as well as positively regulate inflammation.Moreover, shockwaves improve tissue regeneration and healing by neoangiogenesis and stem cells activities. ESWT can be presented as an alternative to chirurgic therapy in some chronic tendinopathies and healing disorders. Its advantages are safety and non-invasivity. In the time of the Covid pandemic, the use of ESWT is coming to the fore even more
RESULTS
A total of 149 patients received up to 6 treatments(3,5 + O,4 on average), depending on their diagnosis and state of health. Results will be presented for each diagnosis separately. A significant (p Epicondylitis For the patients diagnosed with epicondylitis, the VAS baseline results were 6.6 + 1.3. From the baseline, VAS decreased to 4.5 + 1.8. The difference of 2.1 + 1.7 represents 31.9% reduction in pain. For 30 patients, data including the final intensity of 29.5 + 7.1 were available. Rotator cuff syndrome In patients with rotator cuff syndrome, the perception of pain reduced from 6.4 + 1.3 to 3.8 +1.6. The decrease corresponds with 41.5% (2.7 +1.6). The final intensity data of 38.O + 5.7 were obtained for 36 patients Plantar fasciitis The VAS baseline for the group of patients with plantar fasciitis was 6.7 + 1.7 and after the last therapy, the obtained VAS results were 3.7 I 1.7.The difference between both VAS values is 44.8%(3.O + 1.8). For 39 patients of this group, there were available data about the final intensity of34.6+ 6.4. Patellar tendinopathy In the patellar tendinopathy group, VAS baseline results were 7.3 + 1.0. A difference of 57.8% (4.2 +2.O) was found between VAS baseline and VAS after the last treatment. From baseline, VAS was reduced to 3.1 I 1.5. The final intensity data were taken for 3 patients (38.7 + 10.1). Tendinosis of Achilles tendon In patients diagnosed with Achilles' tendinosis, the pain evaluation decreased from 5.8 + 1.8 to 2.3 +1.6. The difference between VAS results represents 60.9% (3.5 + 1.7) reduction in pain perception. For 10 patients, the final intensity data of 35.9 + 6.7 were included. CONCLUSION FSWI is an effective modality in the treatment of patients diagnosed with epicondylitis, rotator cuff syndrome, plantar fasciitis, patellar tendinopathy and Achilles' tendinosis based on its analgesic properties. The results of the present study proving short-term effects on pain reduction are encouraging but other studies with larger samples or comparisons with other conservative interventions should be implemented, to better understand the effects of FSWT and to unify optimal treatment parameters. For these reasons, continued research in this area is therefore of great importance. Explore our focused shockwave therapy devices, featuring advanced electromagnetic technology for precise,deep-tissue treatment.Designed for professional physiotherapy, pain management, and rehabilitation applications. Emfocus Electromagnetic focus shockwave technology is a newer generation technology. It discharges high-voltage electricity to the electric coil and to form a powerful pulse electromagnetic field energy. The electromagnetic wave generates a deep shock wave in the water. Its advantage is that the output energy is extremely stable, the focal length is long, and the lifespan of the electromagnetic generator is also long-lasting and stable. Emfocus Mechanism The electromagnetic shockwaveis based on the physical principle of electromagnetic induction. It enables very precise and highly sensitive dosing of the applied shock wave energy. The shock wave source uses a spe-cial coil to focus the shock waves. Shock waves are generated in water outside the body and then transmitted to the biological tissue. Emfocus Focal Zone The focal zone is the area of maximum energy intensity. Its size is basically independent of the selected energy level.By contrast, the size of the treat-ment zone depends on the selected energy level and is generally larger than the focal zone. Emfocus Comfort Treatment Not only is the effectiveness better with Focused-ESWT, but the skipping-the-skin part means you don't stimulate the skin sensory network; this leads to a more comfortable session. And due to the comfort levels being better, higher doses can often be used. Common Conditions Treated with FocusedShockwave Therapy Tendon Injuries Achilles tendinopathy Patellar tendinopathy Supraspinatus / rotator cuff lesions Hamstring tendinopathy Biceps tendon inflammation Joint-Related Disorders Knee osteoarthritis Hip joint pain Degenerative joint stiffness Post-injury joint discomfort Calcific Conditions Calcific shoulder tendinitis Myofascial calcification Chronic calcium deposits in soft tissue Muscle Pain & Myofascial Trigger Points Chronic muscle tension Myofascial trigger points Localized muscle spasms Plantar Fasciitis & Heel Pain Plantar fasciitis Heel spur Chronic plantar tissue inflammation Ligament and Soft-Tissue Injuries Medial and lateral ankle sprains Collateral ligament strain Overuse injuries in athletes Chronic Pain Syndromes Lower back pain Cervical pain Chronic soft-tissue inflammation Bone Healing Support Delayed union Non-union fractures Bone edema Scar Tissue & Adhesions Post-surgical scar adhesions Fibrotic tissue hardening